Indonesia-Germany Cooperation Agree Sustainable Agriculture

Berlin - The Government of Indonesia and the Federal Republic of Germany agreed on bilateral cooperation to promote sustainable agriculture, among others, the development of certification of processed food products that are environmentally friendly and organic products.

The agreement was reached at a bilateral meeting between the Deputy Minister of Agriculture Dr. Rusman Heryawan the Federal President of the Institute of Food and Agricultural Germany Dr. Hanns-Christoph Eide and the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection of Germany Peter Bleser in Berlin recently.

"Germany is willing to assist Indonesia in improving the capacity of these aspects. Agreement is a follow-up to the comprehensive partnership between the two countries," the function Pensosbud Embassy in Berlin Ayodhia GL Kalake detikFinance, Wednesday (23/01/2013).

Besides Germany, Wamentan also held a bilateral meeting with Swiss State Secretary of the Ministry of Agriculture, Dr. Bernard Lehmann. In the meeting, Indonesia invited the Swiss to agricultural investment in downstream industries such as palm oil and cocoa.

Switzerland expressed its intention to assist Indonesia in the development of sustainable agriculture. Indonesia welcomed the proposal and explained that it's been a lot of steps taken related to this aspect.

Wamentan bilateral meeting with German and Swiss partners took place on the sidelines of the 5th Berlin Agriculture Ministers Summit (Meeting of the Ministers of Agriculture in Berlin to-5), which was attended by representatives from 85 countries and several international organizations (17-20 January 2013 ).

RI delegation led by Deputy Minister of Agriculture and was accompanied by the Ambassador in Berlin, Advisor to the Minister of International Cooperation of Agriculture, Agriculture Attache in Rome, as well as the Economic Function Embassy in Berlin.

Collaborate Anticipation Palm Pests Diseases

 Development of the oil industry, followed by the development of pests and diseases in the cultivation of oil palm. Watch for pests emerging diseases.
Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world with a contribution of 48% of the total world palm oil volume. This achievement was followed Malaysia with a production of 37% of world production. The development of the palm oil industry in both countries are still facing serious problems such as pests and diseases are also growing from time to time.
Issues of concern to the two countries was promoted to the main theme of the annual seminar of international scale. Working closely with the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), Oil Palm Research Center (PPKS) or the Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI) organized an international seminar IOPRI-MPOB to-4 titled "Existing and Emerging Pests and Disease of Oil Palm Research Advances in and Management ".
The event was held in London, 13-14 December 2012 and was attended by 430 people palm oil industry players, featuring 22 exhibition stands that are directly related to the palm oil industry and 31 posters of research on oil palm pests and diseases. According to Dr. Khusairi Din Ahmad from MPOB, the number of participants is the largest of a series of seminars from three years earlier.
The seminar was divided into four sessions. The first session discussed the primary disease, the second session discussed the major pest, and the third session discussed the pests and diseases of the coconut palm is also a potential attack. The fourth special session of vertebrate pests are no less dangerous in the cultivation of oil palm.
Pests New Disease
Pests and diseases are one of the keys in the cultivation of oil palm. Ganoderma for example, became the most feared diseases oil industry not only in Indonesia, but also in the whole world. Not to mention the wilt disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, pest horn beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros), to contribute to the fire caterpillars decreased production of palm oil.
In addition to pests and diseases commonly found attacking oil palm pests, new diseases were emerging. "As the Phytophthora palmivora (cause) of the disease is important in South America, is now spreading in Indonesia," said Dr. Witjaksana Darmosarkoro, director of the Coconut Research Center Sawir (PPKS) at the opening of the technical seminar.
Disease from Colombia that began to spread in Indonesia through coconut plantations. The fungus P. palmivora causes bud rot disease (bud rot) is now not only attacking coconut. Palm oil has become a target. "The other is the potential spread Tirathaba (palm fruit bunches borer). As we know, many coconut plantations in Indonesia and I think so are in Malaysia, "added Witjak, greeting PPKS Director.
"We believe this seminar has opened horizons, networking, opportunity, good relations, to the good collaboration of the two countries in tackling pests and diseases. It is important to raise our palm oil industry to a higher position, "said Din Khusairi representing the Director General MPOB, Dr.Choo Yuen May, closing the series of events.
Lace Diennazola

Of Plant Protection Day 2012
 Not only seminars and talk shows were held, but there's also a photo exhibition. Students enthusiastically.
To raise public awareness of the dangers of climate change and to encourage more students eager to learn the science of agriculture, Plant Clinic Pests Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran, held a "Plant Protection Day 2012".
The event with the theme "Climate Change, Pest and Disease Status, and Food Security" was held 10 to 11 December 2012 in Bale Santika Sane Tanginas Binekas, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang. The series of activities in the form of a national seminar on "Understanding of Global Climate Change on Development of Plant Pest Organisms and Their Impact on Food Security" and a talk show on the topic "Role of Plant Protection in Maintaining Food Security".
Speakers at the seminar include Ir. Lilis Irianingsih, MP from the Regional Food Security Agency of West Java, Dr. Ageng S. Herianto and Ir. Firdaus Natanegara, MM from the Center for Plant Pest Forecasting Organisms (BBPOPT) Sukamandi. No less interesting, talk show also featured prominent speakers in the field of agriculture, namely Ir. H. Deddy Ma'mun, MS (Social Economics Lecturer Faculty of Agriculture, University Padjadjaran), Endah Yulia, SP, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Lecturer in Plant Pests and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran), Dr. Sc. Agr. Supreme Karuniawan) Lecturer of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran), also Ir. Lilis Irianingsih, MP, of the Agency for Regional Food Security in West Java.
In addition to seminars and talk shows, the event was also enlivened by a variety of other activities such as quiz competitions antaruniversitas as Indonesia, photo exhibitions, and product exhibitions. Themed "Exotic Pest Plant Pests" with the object of insect nuisance plants, photo contest followed by students from all over Indonesia. As the winner, Adrian Ridho Hugraha (Champion), Fitria Ariani Rahayu (Second Place), and Haris Budiman (Third Place).
Meanwhile, quiz competition followed by two teams of Unpad, three teams from UGM, a team of Unsri, and a team of Unas. The winner in a row Winner - III is the UGM, Unpad, and Unsri.

 

About agribusiness

Agribusiness is a business-based agriculture or other fields that support it, both upstream and downstream. The mention of "upstream" and "downstream" refers to the view that the principal agri-food sector to work on the chain (food supply chain). Agribusiness, in other words, is the economic outlook for food supply business. As an academic subject, agribusiness learn strategies to benefit by managing aspects of cultivation, supply of raw materials, post-harvest, processing, to marketing stage.

The term "agribusiness" absorbed from English: agribusiness, which is a portmanteau of agriculture (farming) and business (business). In the Indonesian language is also known variant anglisismenya, agribusiness.

Agribusiness object can be plants, animals or other organisms. Cultivation is central (core) agribusiness, although an agribusiness company does not have to do it yourself. If aquaculture products (crops) used by the manager himself, is called subsistence farming activities, and is the most primitive agribusiness activities. Utilization itself can also mean selling or swapping to meet daily needs.

In today's agribusiness development includes not only the food industry just because of the use of agricultural products is closely related to the pharmaceutical, materials technology, and energy supply.

 

RICE ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
1. Pertanian SRI Organic Rice in the concept of Integrated Agricultural SystemsThe threat of food crisis sweeping the world, not immune to the country of Indonesia. As a staple food of the people of Indonesia, but it's ironic fertile prosperous this country has now become the number one rice importer in the world. It would be more concern if the producers see life this rice farmers who form the bulk of the poor country and the fertile earth is rich.When this fact is not in choice of profession. Because of the high cost of production, the price of in-organic fertilizers and pesticides, supplemented with low productivity and grain prices led to farming is not an economic activity again. However, farmers have resigned and discouraged by the condition of agriculture and to sustain the lives of many farmers who are looking for a side business in big cities such as with a towing beca, a digger and a variety of other professions laborer during the harvest period of waiting is not too their expect more and the results just enough to eat themselves and their families.Farming for them as if it just becomes a habit as it has been revealed ancestors and can not be expected to be back alive again. Coupled with unawareness of farmers to the dangers that threaten the health of himself, his family and the users around the production environment, including soil and water due to residual chemicals are inhaled while spraying, soil and remained absorbed in drinking water and food agricultural products. Surely this is not purely the fault of our farmers, they can not possibly address all the problems faced in agriculture without the assistance and cooperation of the parties who are competent to provide the solution and the correct solution to the problems faced.
2. SRI-Organic Alternative For InnovationNatural conditions, weather and culture in Indonesia is supporting the agricultural sector because Indonesia is a land very fertile and productive that is suitable for agriculture continue to be developed. However, efforts to increase production through the intensification of the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers make the soil conditions resulted in lower levels of fertility decline in production output. To overcome the farmers working on this by increasing production costs such as increased use of the quantity and quality of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides / insecticides. At first the incremental cost of production can be increased to provide agricultural products, but for the next level of production again decreased.
Therefore teroboson innovative efforts to restore soil fertility and productivity back to do. At this time there is hope for the best solution for agriculture in Indonesia results in increased production of the pattern of agriculture by the method SRI-Organic.Methods inimenekankan on the improvement of the soil as a medium for plant growth and nutrient sources. Through this system, soil fertility restored so haur-ecological cycle can take back with good soil microorganisms using the product as metabolites for plant nutrition. Through this method, the environment is expected to remain well preserved, as well as the extent of human health with the use of chemicals for agriculture.
SRI-Organic 3.Mengapa ....???SRI paddy farming (rice organic / organic rice), this method is a combination of SRI (System of Rice Intensification) were first developed in Madagascar, the farm was developed denganbeberapa organik.Metode basic principles:
a. Organic fertilizerb. The increase in the growth of plant rootsc. Use single seeds without soaking the rice fields.Selection of development Organic SRI paddy cropping pattern to produce organic rice (organic rice) are also included as a healthy rice (rice healthy) based on the following considerations:
A. Environmental aspects are well with the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and use less water (not soaked) resulting savings in water usage.
B. Aspects of good health is not tertinggalnya chemical residues in paddy / rice is a result of fertilizer / pesticides also sustained health of the farmers due to avoid inhaling toxic fumes from chemical pesticides.
C. Higher productivity as a result of the application of the principles of SRI cultivation. For land that has started to recover soil fertility and ecosystem fields, the results obtained can reach more than 10 tons / hectare from a single seed can produce up to more than 100 tillers (panicles).
D. A high quality, organic rice (organic rice) which is also a healthy rice (rice healthy) than does not contain chemical residues are also safe for consumption by people with diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and several other diseases.
Main 4.Prinsip SRI:1.Penanaman young seedlings 8 days after germination2.Jarak planting width (minimum 25cm x 25 cm, 1 seed per point)3.Menghindari trauma to the seed at planting rice in shallow 4.Penanaman5.Manajemen Water (Soil irrigated with well maintained, not continuously soaked.)6.Meningkatkan soil aeration with mechanical hijacking7.Menjaga biological balance of the soil (Organic Fertilizer and Pesticide Use
At first method is quite successful meskiun with high production costs, but in the long term production and decrease soil become damaged. The main difference is: SRI only changed the way farmers manage plants, soil, water and nutrients. These changes reduce water use and production costs and lead to an increase in factor productivity and income of farmers. This advantage results from an increase in the growth of the root system, and increase the abundance and diversity of soil organisms, which in turn contribute to the productivity of crops.

 

Agriculture Indonesia after the Green Revolution

The failure of the Green Revolution triggered a systematic shift toward nature-friendly farming systems. However, the level of social and environmental changes have occurred.
Fertilizers and chemicals have damaged farmland. When farmers use chemical fertilizers, plants not only absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium more, but also absorbs micro nutrients in the soil, such as elemental zinc (zinc), iron (iron), and copper (copper). Land was gradually micronutrient deficiencies so that the soil's ability to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to be disturbed.
As a result, the soil becomes drier and declining land productivity. Many farmers who do not understand these cycles trying to overcome memerbanyak less fertile land with chemical fertilizers. Action is finally accelerating crisis farmers land.
Farmers are increasingly dependent on chemical fertilizers, more land is broken and in some areas, while the price of fertilizer and other chemicals more expensive, farmers are forced to go into debt as their initial capital in production. This pattern of economic ruin farmers and local agricultural systems.
Many farmers - who are unable to cultivate land due to high cost of production - eventually sell their land and become farmers. At the same time, human labor is replaced with the tractors. The involvement of women in the agricultural industry are increasingly eroded.

Today, agriculture is no longer the backbone of rural economies. Many farmers and children of farmers have sold their assets. Many of the sales of these assets is used as the "capital" of a member of TNI / police, civil servants (PNS), a labor and employment abroad. Systemic effects of the Green Revolution is still felt to this day.
In terms of land management practices, the failure of the Green Revolution, attacks planthopper and tungro virus, which destroyed millions of hectares of rice fields in Java, also sparked deep concern from the government.
In November 1986, President Suharto issued a presidential decree to prohibit 57 chemicals that cause outbreaks of brown plant hopper and tungro virus. Presidential instruction also establishes an integrated pest management (IPM) as a national program. Government subsidies for pesticides is reduced from 85% to zero price subsidies in 1989.
The government also launched the most aggressive integrated pest management throughout history in 1989. Government observer trained pest 1000, 2000, field workers and 100,000 farmers in three years with the help of the World Food Organization (FAO) and international donor agencies.
IPM program's main goal is to restore land productivity and reduce the use of pesticides that kill not only pests but also their natural predators.
Through IPM program is Indonesia's agriculture industry slowly but surely shift to a more environmentally friendly management, with a focus on natural techniques in accordance with ecological principles.